A Histological Study on Heart of Pelophylax cf. bedriagae (Anura: Ranidae)

Esra Akat

Abstract


A circulatory system become compulsory for the transport of nutrients and gases due to the growth of animals and the development of various organs. The heart of Pelophylax cf. bedriagae consisted of three chambers (two atria and one ventricle). Two atria were completely separated, however the ventricle were undivided. When looking dorsally on the heart, thin-walled sinus venosus was observed. The sinus venosus is responsible for initiating the heart beat and receives venous blood coming from caput, anterior legs, and body that then flows to the right atrium. Pacemaker cells and ganglion cells were main cells of the sinus venosus. The layer of the heart wall consisted of epicardium, myocardium and endocardium. The epicardium was the outer layer of heart. The myocardium was medium layer which was composed of an outer compact layer and inner trabecular layer. Ventricular trabeculae were lined by a thin layer of endocardial endothelium. The inner trabecular layer of ectothermic vertebrates is accepted as homologous to the Purkinje network. The atrioventricular valves were composed of loose connective tissue.

Keywords


Amphibian; heart; sinus venosus; pacemaker cells; atrium; ventricle

Full Text:

PDF

References


Arman S. and Üçüncü S. İ. (2017), «Histological study on the ventricle of convict cichlid, Amatitlania nigrofasciata (Günther, 1867)», Ege JFAS, 34(1), 69 – 73.

Benninghoff A. (1923), «Über die Beziehung des Reitzleitungssystems und der Papillarmusklen zu den Konturfasern des Herzschlauches», Anat. Anz., 57, 185 – 208.

Braz J. K. F. S., Freitas M. L., Magalhães M. S., Oliveira M. F., Costa M. S. M. O. and Resende N. S. (2016), «Histology and immunohistochemistry of the cardiac ventricular structure in the green turtle (Chelonia mydas)», Anat. Histol. Embryol., 45(4), 277 – 284.

Cabanac A. and Cabanac M. (2000), «Heart rate response to gentle handling of frog and lizard», Behav. Process, 52(2 – 3), 89 – 95.

Deng X., Guan C., Wang Y., Zhang B., Li S., Sun G., et al. (2013), «Identification and detection of the isolated sinus venosus from the Asian toad», Cell Biochem. Func., 31(8), 660 – 667.

Feder M. E. (1992), «A perspective on environmental physiology of the amphibians», in: M. E. Feder and W. W. Burggren (eds.), Environmental Physiology of the Amphibians, Univ. of Chicago Press, Chicago, pp. 1 – 6.

Harris I. S. and Black B. L. (2010), «Development of the enodcardium», Pediatr. Cardiol., 31, 391 – 399.

Jensen B., Wang T., Christoffels V. M., and Moorman A. F. (2013), «Evolution and development of the building plan of the vertebrate heart», BBA-Mol. Cell. Res., 1833(4), 783 – 794.

Junqueira L. C. and Carneiro J. (2006), Temel Histoloji [Turkish translation], İstanbul, Nobel matbaacılık, pp. 226 – 230.

Koshiba-Takeuchi K., Mori A. D., Kaynak B. L., Cebra-Thomas J., Sukonnik T., Georges R. O., et al. (2009), «Reptilian heart development and the molecular basis of cardiac chamber evolution», Nature, 461(7260), 95 – 98.

Marchington J. M., Mattacks C. A., and Pond C. M. (1989), «Adipose tissue in the mammalian heart and pericardium: structure, fetal development and biochemical properties», Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B, 94, 225 – 232.

Milgrom-Hoffman M., Harrelson Z., Ferrara N., Zelzer E., Evans S. M., and Tzahor E. (2011), «The heart endocardium is derived from vascular endothelial progenitors», Development, 138, 4777 – 4787.

Miquerol L. and Kelly R. G. (2013), «Organogenesis of the vertebrate heart», WIRES. Dev. Biol., 2(1), 17 – 29.

Moorman A. F. and Christoffels V. M. (2003), «Cardiac chamber formation: development, genes, and evolution», Physiol. Rev., 83(4), 1223 – 1267.

Rocha P. L. and Branco L. G. (1998), «Seasonal changes in the cardiovascular, respiratory and metabolic responses to temperature and hypoxia in the bullfrog Rana catesbeiana», J. Exp. Biol., 201(5), 761 – 768.

Seymour R. S., Bennett-Stamper C. L., Johnston S. D., Carrier D. R., and Grigg G. C. (2004), «Evidence for endothermic ancestors of crocodiles at the stem of archosaur evolution», Physiol. Biochem. Zool., 77(6), 1051 – 1067.

Tattersall G. (2007), «Skin breathing in amphibians», in: Endothelial Biomedicine: a Comprehensive Reference, pp. 80 – 86.

Wang T., Hedrick M. S., Ihmied Y. M., and Taylor E. W. (1999), «Control and interaction of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems in anuran amphibians», Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 124A, 393 – 406.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.30906/1026-2296-2020-27-3-123-126

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.