On the Possible Use of the Ethological Features in the Taxonomy and Phylogeny of Toad Agamas, Phrynocephalus (Reptilia, Agamidae)

E. A. Dunayev

Abstract


Two groups of Phrynocephalus are determined according to the pattern of the species-specific fixed action: a) Phr. guttatus kuschakewitschi, Phr. guttatus ssp. from the Dzhungar Gate in Kazakhstan, Phr. melanurus, Phr. versicolor, Phr. strauchi, Phr. ocellatus (Phr. reticulatus), Phr. raddei; b) Phr. helioscopus, Phr. sogdianus, Phr. interscapularis, Phr. mystaceus, Phr. maculatus, Phr. (Bufoniceps) laungwalensis. Conclusion was made about their possible subgenus position. The first group has the most complete set of tail movements, the second the simplest one. The position of Phr. helioscopus is still not exactly determined. According to the set of tail movements, Phr. strauchi more resembles Phr. guttatus – versicolor than Phr. ocellatus.

Keywords


Phrynocephalus; phylogeny; ethology

Full Text:

PDF

References


Ananjeva N. B. (1977), «The taxonomic differences in the structure of cranium and dental system in the Agamidae (Sauria) of the Fauna of the CSR», Zool. Zh., 56(7), 1062 – 1070 [in Russian].

Arnold E. N. (1992), «The Rajasthan toad-headed lizard, Phrynocephalus launguwalaensis (Reptilia: Agamidae). Represents a new genus», J. Herpetol., 26(4), 467 – 472.

Bedryaga J. V. (1907), «Scientific results of the N. M. Przheval’skii expedition to Central Asia», Otd. Zool., 3(1) [in Russian]; Amphibia and Reptilia, No. 2, 134 – 278 [in Russian].

Bedryaga J. V. (1909), «Scientific results of the N. M. Przheval’skii expedition to Central Asia», Otd. Zool., 3(1) [in Russian]; Amphibia and Reptilia, No. 3, 279 – 502 [in Russian].

Chernov S. A. (1949), « Reptiles», in: The Animal World of the USSR, Vol. 3, Moscow – Leningrad, pp. 128 – 161 [in Russian].

Galaeva N. M. (1976), «On the taxonomy and morphology of some species of the genus Phrynocephalus», Nauch. Trudy Kubansk. Gos. Univ. Ser. Gerpetol., No. 218, 53 – 62 [in Russian].

Golubev M. L. and Sattorov T. S. (1992), «On the intraspecific structure and extraspecific relations of the ear-folded toad agama Phrynocephalus mystaceus (Reptilia, Agamidae)», Vestn. Zool., No. 3, 26 – 32 [in Russian].

Dunayev E. A. (1989a), «The taxonomic status and features of ecology and behavior of Phrynocephalus melanurus Eichwald, 1831 (Reptilia: Agamidae)», Byull. MOIP. Ser. Biol., 94(4), 41 – 53 [in Russian].

Dunayev E. A. (1989b), «The preliminary results of the electrophoretic comparison of some toad agamas species», in: Problems of Herpetology. Abstrs. of the 7th Herpetol. Conf., Kiev, pp. 85 – 86 [in Russian].

Dunayev E. A. (1993), «Cranial morphology and phylogeny of Phrynocephalus species», in: Ordin. Gen. Meeting Soc. Eur. Herpetol., Barcelona, p. 62.

Fausek V. A. (1906), Biological Research in the Zakaspiiskaya Area, St. Petersburg, pp. 75 – 76, 83 [in Russian].

Hinde R. (ed.) (1970), Animal Behavior. A Synthesis of Ethology and Comparative Psychology, 2nd Edition, McGrow-Hill, New York.

Khonyakina Z. P. (1961), «Materials on the reproduction and molting of ear-folded toad agama (Phrynocephalus mystaceus Pall.)», Nauch. Zap. Dag. Univ., No. 2, 102 – 133 [in Russian].

Koreshkova N. D., Matjokin P. V., Semenov D. V., and Shenbrot G. I. (1986) Results of Electrophoretic Analysis of Proteins from Four Toad Agamas Species, Phrynocephalus Kaup (Reptilia, Agamidae), Dep. in VINITI 27.01.1986, No. 583–8, Moscow [in Russian].

Likhnova O. P. (1992), «Biochemical systematics of toad agamas Phrynocephalus (Agamidae, Reptilia)», in: Asian Herpetol. Meeting, Huangshan, pp. 46 – 47.

Likhnova O. P. and Milishnikov A. N. (1988), «Genetical differentiation and taxonomy of lizards of Phrynocephalus guttatus group (Agamidae, Reptilia)», in: Problems of Microevolution, Nauka, Moscow, pp. 105 – 106 [in Russian].

Manilo V. V. and Golubev M. L. (1992), «Peculiarities of caryology of Phrynocephalus guttatus species group (Agamidae) of the former USSR fauna», in: Asian Herpetol. Meeting, Huangshan, p. 50.

Mayr E. (1969), Principles of Systematic Zoology, McGraw-Hill, New York.

Mezhzherin S. V. and Golubev M. L. (1989), «Genetic divergence of toad agamas Phrynocephalus Kaup (Reptilia, Agamidae) of the USSR fauna», Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR. Ser. Geol. Khim. Biol. Nauk, No. 11, 68 – 70 [in Russian].

Mezhzherin S. V. and Golubev M. L. (1992), «Allozyme variation and relationships among Phrynocephalus guttatus species group (Agamidae) of the former USSR fauna», in: Asian Herpetol. Meeting, Huangshan, p. 52.

Milishnikov A. N. and Likhnova O. P. (1989), «Biochemical systematics of the genus Phrynocephalus (Reptilia, Agamidae)», in: Problems of Herpetology. Abstrs. of the 7th Herpetol. Conf., Kiev, pp. 163 – 164 [in Russian].

Peters G. (1984), «Die Krotenkofagamen Zentralasiens (Agamidae; Phrynocephalus)», Mitt. Zool. Mus. (Berlin), 60(1), 23 – 67.

Polynova G. V. (1982), «Demonstration behavior of Phrynocephalus mystaceus», Zool. Zh., 61(5), pp. 734 – 741 [in Russian].

Rogovin K. A. (1989), «Communicative behavior of Phrynocephalus interscapularis», Zool. Zh., 68(7), 97 – 107 [in Russian].

Rogovin K. A. (1991), «Social behavior of Phrynocephalus helioscopus and Phr. reticulatus (Reptilia, Agamidae) and their relationships in joint settlements», Zool. Zh., 70(3), 61 – 72 [in Russian].

Ross W. (1989), «Notes on ecology and behavior with special reference to tail signaling in Phrynocephalus maculatus (Reptilia: Agamidae)», Fauna of Saudi Arabia, 10, 417 – 422.

Saparova A. (1989), «On behavior of Phrynocephalus h. helioscopus in clay desert of South-Western Turkmenia», Trudy Akad. Nauk. Turkmen. SSR, No. 5, 33 – 40 [in Russian].

Semenov D. V. (1985), «The behavior of Phrynocephalus versicolor (Reptilia, Agamidae)», Zool. Zh., 64(10), 1545 – 1554 [in Russian].

Semenov D. V. (1989), «Comparative analysis of the toad agamas behavior (Reptilia, Agamidae, Phrynocephalus)», in: Problems of Herpetology. Abstrs. of the 7th Herpetol. Conf., Kiev, pp. 229 – 230 [in Russian].

Semenov D. V. and Dunayev E. A. (1989), «Morphology of the hemipenis and classification of lizards of the genus Phrynocephalus (Reptilia: Agamidae), Zool. Zh., 68(10), 56 – 64 [in Russian].

Semenov D. V. and Shenbrot G. I. (1986), «Problems of the taxonomy in inventarization of taxonomically complex groups», in: Abstrs. of the All-Union Meeting on the Problems of Cadaster and Registration of Animals, Moscow, pp. 432 – 433 [in Russian].

Sokolovsky V. V. (1974), «Comparative cariological investigation of the lizard family Agamidae. I. Chromotype of eight species from Phrynocephalus genus», Tsitologiya, 16(7), 920 – 925 [in Russian].

Sokolovsky V. V. (1975), «Karyotypes and systematics of lizards of the Agamidae family», in: Biological Research in the Far East, pp. 107 – 111 [in Russian].

Sokolovsky V. V. (1977), «Systematic relationships in the Agamidae family by cariological data», in: Problems of Herpetology. Abstrs. of the 4th Herpetol. Conf., Leningrad, p. 195 [in Russian].

Tsarevsky S. F. (1926a), «About the taxonomy and distribution of lizards of the Phrynocephalus genus», Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, June, 119 – 122 [in Russian].

Tsarevsky S. F. (1926b), «About the taxonomy and distribution of lizards of the Phrynocephalus genus», Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, November, 211 – 214 [in Russian].

Tsarevsky S. F. (1927), «About the taxonomy and distribution of lizards of the Phrynocephalus genus», Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR. Ser. A, No. 2, 23 – 26 [in Russian].

Tsarevsky S. F. (1929), «On the taxonomy and distribution of lizards of the Phrynocephalus genus», Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR. Ser. A, No. 17, 415 – 419 [in Russian].

Verbeek B. (1972), «Ethologische Untersuchungen an einigen europaischen Eidechsen», Bonner Zool. Beitrage, 23(2), 122 – 151.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.30906/1026-2296-1996-3-1-32-38

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


You can subscribe to the print or electronic version of the journal on the site of EastView Company. If you have any questions, please write to the email sales@ivis.ru